ISRO

The Indian Space Research Organisation, founded in 1969 and headquartered in Bengaluru, is India's national space agency. ISRO is known for delivering missions at comparatively low cost: the Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) reached Mars on its first attempt, and Chandrayaan-3 achieved the first soft landing near the lunar south pole in 2023. The agency operates the PSLV and GSLV/LVM3 launch vehicles, a fleet of communications and remote-sensing satellites, and is developing the crewed Gaganyaan programme. It is funded through the Indian government's Department of Space.

India's Department of Space budget (₹13,042 crore).