Kapteyn's Star

Kapteyn's Star

Star

Kapteyn's Star - a nearby red subdwarf 12.8 light-years away in Pictor, and one of the strangest stars in the neighbourhood: an ancient, metal-poor HALO star racing backwards through the Galaxy, probably torn from the disrupted globular cluster now seen as Omega Centauri. No planets are confirmed.

Open in 3D viewSee Kapteyn's Star in the live, interactive 3D map

Key facts

Mass
5.59 × 10²⁹ kg
0.281 M☉
Radius
202,449 km
29% of the Sun's radius
Surface temperature
3,570 K (3297 °C)
Luminosity
4.59 × 10²⁴ W
Spectral type
sdM1 (metal-poor red subdwarf)

Science

Physical

Mass
5.59 × 10²⁹ kg · 0.281 M☉
Radius
202,449 km · 29% of the Sun's radius
Density
16,080 kg/m³ · 16× water
Spectral type
sdM1 (metal-poor red subdwarf)

Composition

By mass
A red subdwarf about 28% of the Sun's mass. Very metal-poor and extremely old (~11 billion years), it belongs to the Galaxy's halo and moves retrograde — likely stripped from the progenitor of Omega Centauri.

Temperature

Surface
3,570 K (3297 °C)

Radiation & temperature

Luminosity
4.59 × 10²⁴ W · 0.012 L☉
Surface temperature
3,570 K (3297 °C)
Peak wavelength
812 nm · near-infrared (mostly invisible to the eye)

Discovery & history

Discovered
January 1, 1898
By
Jacobus C. Kapteyn
Name
Named for the Dutch astronomer Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn, who measured its record proper motion in 1898.

In 1898 Jacobus Kapteyn found this star's enormous proper motion - then the largest known - marking it as a very close, fast neighbour. Two planet claims in 2014 caused excitement but were shown by 2021 to be artefacts of the star's rotation, and are not shown here.

Images

Images from open archives · credit shown per image